Typewriter ribbon device



Get. 6, 1931. I c HOCHMAN 1,826,074

TYPEWRITER RIBBON DEVICE Filed Nov. 8,1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 4+ lNVENTORLia/5a; C Ho /517mm 4a VQMLM L, Mm/Z, v 1

ATTORNEYS Oct. 6, 1931..

J. C. HOCHMAN TYPEWRITER RIBBON DEVICE Filed Nov. 8, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet2 i! Ii INVENTOR Jlfikw 65170016122022 @mmvmmawm ATTORNEYS Z38 PatentedOct. 6, 1931 PATENT OFFICE JULIUS C. HOOHMAN, OF NEW YORK, Y.

' TYPEWRITER RIBBON DEVICE Application filed November 8, 1930. SerialNo. 494,239.

My present invention relates primarily to typewriting machines, moreparticularly to the instrumentalities thereof and associated therewithfor producing simultaneously two 5 or more separate typed copies, suchas letters and the file copies thereof.

It is a primary object of the invention to render serviceable any ofvarious conventional makes of typewriting machines without anyalteration whatsoever in the construction thereof, for simultaneouslyproducing by the use thereof two or more inked original typewrittencopies.

Another object is to provide means for accomplishing the above resultwhich may be set or arranged for use with as great or -greater facilitythan carbon paper, which wholly obviates the special precautions andoperations required in effecting erasures in i the course of typingwhere carbon paper is used, which is more economical than carbon paperand which requires less frequent handling for removing and replacing thewear element used according to this invention in place of carbon paper.

Another object is to provide for accomplishing the above result anauxiliary ribbon device of extremely simple construction, wholly devoidof operating 'mechanism or even of hinged or relatively slidin parts andwhich nevertheless automatica 1y exposes continually changing areas ofribbon to type impact and which throughout action automaticallymaintains the ribbon in sufliciently taut condition for best service,and

this even under the ribbon elongation incurred in wear.

Another object is to provide an auxiliary ribbon holder of the abovetype, from which 40 the ribbon may be readily removed and upon which anew one may be emplaced by simple manipulation without danger ofsmudging the fingers.

Another object is to provide an auxiliary r ribbon frame of the abovetype, which can be formed of a single stamping, which in use can bereadily applied upon or removed from the machine without any fasteningwhatsoever, and which co-ordinates with the parts of the machine toautomatically assure proper co-relation for effective use.

Another object is to provide an auxiliary ribbon carrier, which innowise interferes with the normal operation of the paper clips, bail orother paper holding means or the line spacer, and which is free frominterference with the primary ribbon mechanism.

Another object is to provide a frame of the above type which readilyadmits of the use therewith of additional frames carrying additionalribbons for the preparation simultaneously of more than two copies,

A featureof the invention is the use of an open frame, co-ordinated withthe platen and carrying a length of ribbon, the coacting parts of thetypewriter construction serving to position said frame againstinadvertent shift and yet involving sufiicient shift of the frame withits carried ribbon incidental to use of the machine, to avoid exposureof the identical ribbon area to successive type impacts.

' In a preferred construction, the frame is a unitary generally U-shapedmetal piece, preferably a stamping laid upon the platen with its crossbar longitudinally thereof, a type-- writer ribbon length beingreleasably attached to said frame to bridge between the free ends of thearms thereof, which extend downward from the bar and are preferablycurved to conform to the platen.

Another feature is the conformation of one or more stops as integralparts of the frame,

limiting the shift of the frame longitudinally of the platen, preferablyto substantially the maximum spacing between the centers of typedcharacters.

Another feature is the provision of notches or stops integral with andupstanding from the frame, for coaction with the paper clips or otherparts of the machine, to limit up and 90. down shift of the frame withits ribbon.

Another feature is the loose mount by simple superposition of the frameupon the platen, to assure limited shift either longitudinally of theplaten or up and down in (11- v rection peripherally of the platen orboth, for automatic shift of the frame under various lmpacts occurringin the use of the typewriting machine.

Another feature is the construction of the 109 frame of spring metalaffording limited resilience' and the limited deformation of said framein initially tightening the ribbon, which thereby is maintained tauteven after wear.

Another feature is the metal ti ping of the short lengths of replacementrib on and the conformation of the ribbon carrying arms of the frame forcamming coaction in the application of the ribbon for thetauteningpurposes set forth.

. In the accompanying drawings in which is shown one of various possibleembodiments of the several features'of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the carriage of a t pewritingmachine indicating the manner 0 use of my apparatus, L

Fig. 2 is a top view with parts broken away, of a platen with myapparatus in place,

Fig. 3 is a view in transverse section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a view taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of my auxiliary ribbon frame with a ribbonattached,

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale showing the ribbonattachment means,

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional View on the line 77 of Fig. 6,

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary front view of the ribbon carrying arm,

Fig. 9 is a transverse section on line 99 of Fig. 6,

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a secondary ribbon frame, and; i

Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing the auxiliary and a plurality ofsecondary ribbon frames in the nested relation in which they areemployed for preparing more than two original copies.

Fig. 1 of the drawings indicates illustratively the carriage of anUnderwood typewriting machine showing the carriage frame 10, the platen11, with the operatin knob 12 thereof, the line spacer lever 13, t eprimaryeribbon spools 14 with the ribbon shift device 15 in front of thesame and the paper clamping means shown as clip arms 16 formed each witha mount bar 17 unitary therewith, having eyes 18 and 19 at the endsthereof encircling the carrying bar 20. The roller end 21 of the aperclip is displaced by integral offset 22 rom the eye end of the clip arm16. For use of my invention, in its I preferred application, the papercli s of the typewriting machine ust referre to, are set in their usualposition for holding letter pa er of standard width, as shown in Fig. 1.he auxiliary ribbon holder, as best shown in Fig. 5, may comprise aunitary sprin metal stamping F having a bar 25 of lengtb nearly equal tothat of the platen and unitary arms 26 extending at right angles fromthe ends thereof and curved to conform to the curvature of the platenand to the ends of which the ribboniis attached in manner to'behereinafter desxzribed. The longitudinal bar 25 of the frame preferablyhas an outstanding stiffening flange or fin 25a extending substantiallykthe length thereof and at an angle thereto. The stiffening flange ispreferably provided'with a central finger tab 27, and near the endsfithas upstanding short stop elements 28 and 29, the extreme faces of whichare spaced at'a distance but slightly less than the distance between theclip eyes 19 of the two paper clips 16 of the machine. The curved arms26 are provided referably at their inner edges with integraF upstandinledges 30 which stiffen said arms, said le ges being notched as at 31.

By the construction above described, it is clear that when the frame islaid u on the platen of the typewriter, the stop pleces 28 and 29 willaid in positioning the said element and by reason of their spacing willafforda limited freedom of displacement of said frame longitudinally ofthe platen through the width of approximately the distance betweencenters of typed characters. The distance between the inner ledges 30 onthe arms of the ribbon holder being preferably somewhat in excess of thegreatest width of paper used in the machine, when the hlplde'r ispositioned, as just described, upon t e clips, the offsets 22 of whichwill'readily enter the notches 31 in the ledges 30 and thus limit thedisplacement of the frame in a peripheral or up and down direction.

Special clip means is preferably provided for releasably securing theribbon ends to the arms of the frame. In a preferred clip constructionshown, the arms are sharply tapered at their free ends 35 and the ribbonR is provided at each end with a sheet metal tip piece 36. The ribbonclip is preferably crimped at its extremity in a bead 37 claspplaten,these arms will clear the paper ing the ribbon end, and the tip hasparallel v slits 3S and 39 of unequal length, to accommodate the taperedarm end 35, the area 40 of the tip being embossed or depressed betweenthe slits 38 and 39 to afford a pocket or depression trapezoidal in formto accom-- modate the tapered arm end. Preferably, the

tab end of clip 36 is depressed at the edge determined by oblique edge51 of the trapezoidal depression, so that said tab lies slightly belowthe ribbon clasping end of the tip, and

slightly above said trapezoidal depression, as

best shown in Fig. 9. A stop shoulder 41 on arm 35 snaps under the upperslit 38 when the clip is applied and releasably latches the same inlace.

The ri bon length with its tips is a distinct article of manufacture andis of length properly co-ordinated with that of the carrying frame. Inthe application of the clips over the tapered holder arms, it will beapparent that the clips are cammed apart, as they are drawn over theoppositely tapering cams 85, thereby exerting tension upon theconnecting ribbon and a strain upon the resilient holder frame, drawingthe arms of the latter slightly together. I

In operation, the typewriter paper clips 16 are rotated to clear theplaten and the frame, as shown in Fig. 5, equipped with its ribbon asthere shown, is used by simply depositing the same upon the platen ofthe typewriter with its ribbon R underneath the front sheet and on topof the second sheet of paper. No particular care need .beexercised inapplying the device since the stops 28 and 29 will naturally rest-.uponbar 20 and in the space between eyes 19 of the two paper clips 16. Thedevice is positioned at random, within the limits provided for, betweenthe paper clip or other stop means, which thus affords inherent.iriation in the initial positioning of the imp.s ct receiving areas ofthe ribbon B. When the paper clips 16 are now set, the offset arms 22thereof will enter the notches 31 of the frame.

In use, the typeimpact through the primarv ribbon will imprint the topsheet as usual and through the secondary ribbon R cause a similar inkimprint upon the second sheet,,or, if desired, a third imprint upon asheet of onion skin paper (not shown) interposed between thetwo sheets,immediately under the top sheet. The successive jolts to which thecarriage of a typewriting machine is subjected during operation, andwhich are imparted more especially in line shift, and in carriage returnafter the end of each line will cause the auxiliary ribbon frame toshift longitudinally of the platen between the limits imposed by the'contactof stops 28 and 29, with the paper clip eyes 19, andperipherally of the platen or up and down between the limits imposed bythe sides'of notches 31 with the paper clip ofi'set 22. As aconsequenee, the effective area of auxiliary ribbon R exposed to typeimpact shifts both longitudinally and transversely, affording moreuniform wear of the ribbon with considerably lengthened life thereof. Inthe wear of the ribbon and the consequent elongation thereof, thetantness is nevertheless maintained because the resilience of thecarrying frame exerts continuous pull upon the ribbon. Thus,substantially the entire serviceable area of the ribbon is efieetivelyused, and this is accomplished without the need for any manualreadjustment operation. When the ribbon is worn out, it is easilyreplaced by simply drawing upon the exposed ends of the ribbon tips 36and pulling them off the respective carrying arms 26. A. new ribbonlength, equipped with termiunal clips 36 is emplaced by slipping saidclips over taper ends 35 of the arms to the limiting latching positiondetermined by stop shoulder 42 and latch 41. The ribbon is not touchedby the fingers in this replacement and replacement is thus a clean,expeditious and convenient operation.

In Fig. 10 is shown a secondary frame similar to the auxiliar frameshown in Fig. 5, but differing there rom largely in the omission of theledges 30 and of the'stops 28, and affording a handle tab 27 at one sideof the middle of longitudinal bar 25,. The secondary frame readily nestswith the auxiliary frame of Fig. 5, by superposition of bar 25 upon bar25 and of web 25b against web 25a, in which position the inner corners50 of the secondary frame will rest upon the upper edges of ledges 30 onthe auxiliary frame F as best shown in Fig. 11 i The secondary frame Sof Fig. 10 is used for simultaneously preparing a third inked ribboncopy and one or more additional secondary frames may be positioned,asbest indicated in Fig. 11 to provide a fourth or fifth inked ribboncopy. The finger tab 27 of the secondary frame is offset as shown, forfacility in application and removal of the frame without interferencefrom tab 27 of the auxiliary frame. In Fig. 11 is shown an additionalsecondary frame'the finger tab of which appears at 27 at the side of tab27 opposed to that of tab 27. Obviously the two secondary frames showncan be'cut with the identical die, but the curving or shaping die isapplied from one side of the blank in one case, and from the oppositeside of the blank in the other case.

It is obviousthat. in use the auxiliaryframe would be insertedimmediately over the lowest of the sheets to be typed, the first of thesecondary frames would be hung upon the auxiliary frame as set forth andlie over the second sheet from the bottom, the next auxiliary framewould be similarly hung to lie over the next sheet and so forth withinthe limits of the machine. The ledges 30 of the auxiliary frame aresufficiently high to sustain as many secondary frames as desired, and itwill be understood that in the case of a mechanically or electricallydriven typewriting machine, whether automatically or manuallycontrolled, as many as ten or more originals can be typed in oneoperation.

It is'understood that the face of the ribbon length may be provided, ifdesired, with .edly or permanentlv clamped, u'itl adaptation to theRemington, Royal and other types of machines.

lVhile in the preferred construction, the frame is a separate anddistinct element simply laid upon the platen,and removed therefrom asdesired, it is understood that the typewriting machine could, within thescope of the invention, embody the frame as a part built into itsconstruction, such frame in that case being preferably afforded threedegrees of freedom ofmotioifrelative to the structure of the machine,including a lifting freedom to permit insertion between sheets of paper,a limited freedom of movement longitudinally of the platen and limitedfreedom of movement peripherally of theplaten.

The use of my ribbon device does not preclude the simultaneousproduction, desired, of one or more carbon copies in addition to the twoor more ribbon copies produced, as above set forth, sly ribbon evicmoreover admits of the production of Mesh o case the primary'ribbondevice or chine out of order, or the r Worn out and no fresh oneplaceable ribbon, it is Til the invention from its broadest a. provide avery inexpensiv i struction of resilie t wire for frame and d replacedbon under tension mg a unit discarde 1 t after the ribbon n l llhile theinven on in bodimcnt is priin concerned iliary ribbon means r producinra copies, it will be understood that in of the ribbon R, a'ribbon ofcarbon paper 0 other fabric of sullicient s ngth could be used toproduce carbon copies, and the term rib hon as used in the claims is notnecessar ly to be limited to an inlred ribbon but is to include Withinits scope other types of tape through Which an imprint is produced undermechanical impact.

Having thus described. my invention, what I claim as new and esire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a typevrritingg' machine, including a carriage a platen, a ribbonand feed mechanism therefor, an auxiliary ribbon carrier, comprising aframe piece niovablv rest-inn; upon the platen and having limitedlongitudinal freedom of movement tl'ierealong, said carrier having aribbon mounted to extend in front of the platen.

2. In a typvvru'zing; machine, including a carriage having a platen,paper clips adapted ing the auxiliary ribbon and having stop ele mentscontiguous to the paper clips, to limit lateral ran e of positioning ofsaid frame. i. ln a typervriting machine, including carriage having aplaten, a ribbon feed device and hinged paper clips mounted adjacent theends of the platen; the combination therewith of an auxiliary ribbonholder comprising unitary metal frame extending lengthwise of the platenand having stop means contiguous to the paper clips 'or limitinglongitudinal displacement c said frame, said frame N u conformed to thecurvature or the platen along the ends of the latter, and ribbonextending along the between the espective arms. the chara platen. adevice, and hinged b er clips ends 0 no i etch; the of an auxiliaryribbon longitudinally of platen and having extending between the pa rclips and in contiguitythereto, said holder having" later l arms curvedin con forznity With the r and a ribbonz'ittached at its ends to s us,said arms having mounts thereon 04. carrying additional ribbon holder.

in a typewrit machine of the character incl lf iagc having a platen, aribbon reed dev id hinged paper clips mounted. adjacent the ends oftheplaten; the combination illlEZGWi i. of a. carrier for a plu ralitysimultaneously acting auniliar}, ribbons, said attacl onoprising an ouiliary ribbon holder 1 anie extending lonnitudinally of the platen andresting thereupon, having parts extending in contiguity to and betweenthe clips, said holder having lateral arms substantially conformed tothe periphery of the platen and beyond the paper clips, said armscarrying a ribbon thGIGbGlZWGCD, said arms having upstanding stops and asecond ribbon carrier removably carried by said stops.

7. In a tvpvvriting machine of the char acter including a carriagehaving a platen, a ribbon feed device, and hinges paper clips mountedadjacent the ends of the platen; the coinbir there: of a carrier for aplusineultaneousl v acti auxiliary including la ral a e havi holder lOOaeaaore ribbons, said carrier comprising a frame extendinglongitudinally of the platen and resting thereupon, and having partsextending in contiguity to the clips, said frame having lateral armssubstantially conformed to the periphery of the platen and beyond thepaper clips, said arms carrying a ribbon therebetween, said arms havingupstanding stops and a secondary-ribbon carrier removable depeding fromsaid stops over said frame, each of said ribbon carriers having anupstanding handle tab near the middle thereof, said handle tabs out ofalignment with each other.

8. In a typewriting machine having a platen and a primary ribbonmechanism, an auxiliary ribbon associated with the platen in back of theprimary ribbon, a carrying frame for said auigiliary ribbon, and stopmeans co-ordin ating' said frame relative to the machine structure topermit and limit movement of the frame with its ribbon longitudinally ofthe platen through the width substantially of a type character.

9. In a typewriting machine having a platen and a primary ribbonmechanism, an auxiliary ribbon device associated with the platen andhaving a ribbon element in back of the primary ribbon. said device including a carrying frame for said auiriliary ribbon, and stop meanscoordinatingsaid frame relative to the machine structure'to permit of alimited range of positioning of the frame with its ribbon peripherallyof the platen.

10. In a typewriting machine having a platen and a primary ribbonmechanism, an auxiliary ribbon device associated. with the platen andhaving a ribbon element in back of the primary ribbon. said deviceincluding a carrying frame'for said auxiliary ribbon and stop meansco-ordinating said frame relative to the machine-structure to permitand, limit movement of the frame with its ribbon both longitudinally andperipherally of the platen.

'11. In a typewriting machine having a platen and a primary ribbonmechanism, an auxiliary ribbon device associated with the platen andhaving a ribbon element in back of the primary ribbon, a carrying framefor said auxiliary ribbon. stop means coordinatingi said, frame relativeto the machine structure to permit and limit lateral movement of theframe and further stop means co-ordinating said fame relative to themachine structure to permit and limit movement of the frame and ribbonperipherally of the platen.

12. In a typewriting machine of the charactcr comprising a carriageframe having a platem'hinged paper holding means, each including a metalpart longitudinally of the platen, and a primary ribbon in front of theplaten the combination therewith of an auxlliary ribbon devicecomprising a frame resting upon the platen, having a longitudinal barand arms extending downward from said bar, an auxiliary ribbon carriedon said arms, said frame having an upstanding notched element straddlingsaid holding means in set position of the latter and affording clearancefor limited up and down displacement of said ribbon device in operationof the machine.

13. In a typewriting machine of the character comprising a carriagehaving a platen thereon, paper clips pivotally mounted on saidcarriage,'and including each an offset metal part longitudinally of theplaten; the combination therewith of an auxiliary ribbon deviceincluding a frame to rest upon the platen. said frame carrying a ribbonin co-ordinated position relative to the primary ribbon, said framehaving integral stop means between the paper clip mounts to limitdisplacement of the device to the width substantially of one typecharacter. said arms having notched elements straddling the oil?- setpart of the respective paper clips to permit and limit movement of theframe circumferentially of the platen during use. a

. 14. In a typewriting machine of the character comprising acarriagehaving a platen thereon and hinged paper clips; the combinationtherewith of an auxiliary ribbon frame freely disposed upon the platenand carrying a ribbon. said frame having integral parts 'coacting withthe paper clips to permit limited shift of said frame longitudinally ofthe platen. said frame having other stop parts coacting with said clipsin set position of the latter to permit and limit displacement of saidframe-in a direction peripherally of the platen.

15. As an article of manufacture. an auxiliary ribbon holder for atvpewriting machine, said holder comprising a generally U-shaped frameincluding: a longitudinal bar adapted to the length of the typewriterplaten and end arms extending angularly with respect thereto and havingcurvature adapted to that of the platen. said end arms having means forreleasable attachment of a typewriter ribbon to extend therebetween,said fame having unitary'stop elements near the ends thereof. forcoaction with parts of a typewriting machine to limit lateral shiftthereof during use.

16. As an article of manufacture. an auxiliary ribbon holder for atvpewritinq machine. said holder comprising a generally U-shaped frameincluding a longitudinal bar adapted to the length of the typewriterlaten and end arms extending angularly with respect theretoand havingcurvature adapted to that of the platen, said endarms having means forreleasable attachment of a typewriter-ribbon to extend therebetween,said frame having elements serving as mounts for a secondary ribboncarrier.

17. As an article of manufacture, an auxiliary ribbon holder for atypewriting machine, comprising a unitary sheet metal stamping includinga longitudinal bar, lateral arms curved to conform to the curvature ofthe platen, said longitudinal bar having a longitudinal outstandingflange serving to stiffen the same, said flange having integral stoptabs near the ends thereof.

18. As an article of manufacture, an auxiliary ribbon holder for atypewriting ma chine, comprising a unitary stamping having alongitudinal bar, and integral lateral arms extending at an anglerelative thereto and curved in conformity with the platen, said lateralarms having integral therewith outstanding fiange pieces serving tostiffen said arms.

19. As an article of manufacture, an auxiliary ribbon holder for atypewriting ma chine, comprising a unitary stamping hav ing alongitudinal bar, and integral lateral arms extending at an anglerelative thereto and curved in conformity with a platen, said lateralarms having integral therewith outstanding flange pieces serving tostiffen said arms, said flanges also having notches therein, adapted forcoaction with the paper holding means of a typewriting machine.

20. As an article of manufacture. an auxiliary ribbon holder for atypewriting ma chine, comprising a unitary metal piece including alongitudinal bar, lateral arms curved to conform to the curvature of theplaten, said longitudinal bar having integral stop conformations nearthe ends thereof, said lateral arms having upstanding stopconformations, said conformations respectively limiting movement of theribbon holder longitudinally and peripherally of the platen.

21. As an article of manufacture. an auxiliary ribbon holder for atypewriting machine, comprising a unitary sheet metal stamping includinga longitudinal bar, lateral arms curved to conform to the curvature ofthe platen. said longitudinal bar having an outstanding flange servingto stiffen the same, said flange having integral stop tabs near the endsthereof, said lateral arms having integral therewith outstanding flangepieces near the inner edges thereof scrvin to stiffen said arms, saidflan es also having notches therein, said stop tabs and notches limitingmovement of said frame reran om outstanding flanges, the flange of saidlongitudinal bar having unitary stop pieces" substantially at the endsthereof and a unitary handle piece substantially/at the middle thereof,the ends of said arms being conformed for mounting the ends of atypewriter ribbon.

23. As an article of manufacture, an aux iliary ribbon carrying frame.comprising a unitary sheet metal element, having a main bar and lateralarms unitary therewith, curved for conformity with ,a platen, saidlongitudinal bar-having a stiffening flange extending nearly the entirelength thereof, said arms having stiffening flanges, the ends of saidarms being conformed for carrying the ends of a typewritten ribbon andextending beyond said stiffening flanges.

24. An auxiliary ribbon holder comprising a unitary sheet metal U-shapedframe, with a relatively long base bar and shorter legs, said legscurved for conformity with a platen, the free ends of said legs havingribbon mounting and tautening conformations, said frame having limitedresilience for maintaining the tautness of the ribbon said holder havingmeans adapted to cooperate with typewriter carriage structure forlimited range of positioning relative to the platen, thereby to increasethe effective wear area of the ribbon.

25. An auxiliary typewriter ribbon holder including a unitary U-shapedsheet metal frame having end arms, said frame having slight resiliencein the plane of the length thereof, a ribbon coacting with the free endsof said arms, said ribbon having metal tips fixed thereto, and havingfinger tabs at the free ends thereof, the tips and arms havingcomplementary camming and latching conformations, whereby the arms aredrawn slightly together in the application of the ribbon to tauten thelatter and the tautness of the latter is maintained under wear by theresilient return of the arms.

26. As an article of manufacture, a length of typewriter ribbon in theorder of that of a typewriter platen, said ribbon having a metal clipsecured to the extremity thereof, said clip having a finger tab at theouter end thereof and being conformed between said tab and said ribbonattaching portion for quick detachable coaction with a ribbon mountingarm.

27. As an article of manufacture, a type writer ribbon tip comprising asheet metal piece, having means clamping the extremity of the ribbon,said sheet metal piece having a pair of parallel openings of differentlength, the metal between said openings being slightly countersunk toaccommodate a sheet metal carrying tongue.

28. As an article of manufacture, a set of ribbon holders comprising aU-shaped frame adapted to the general contour of the typersaenra writerplaten and having means for holding a typewriter ribbon against the freeends of the legs thereof, and having upstanding flanges at the legsthereof, secondary U- shaped frames-generally similar in construction tosaid first frame, said secondary frames having out-standing partsadapted to rest upon the upper edges of said flanges.

29. In a typewriting machine, including a carriage, a ribbon and a feedmechanism therefor, an auxiliary ribbon carrier comprising aholder'movably resting upon a carriage element with limited longitudinalfreedom of movement, said carrier having a ribbon mounted to extendcontiguous to the platen and along the writing line of the machine.

30. In a. typewriting machine including a moving carriage and a primaryribbon, an auxiliary carrier comprising a holder loosely resting upon acarriage element, said carrier having a ribbon mounted to extendcontiguous to the platen and along the writing line of the machine,said-holder having stop means adapted for coaction with part of thetypewriter carriage to limit the longitudinal movement of said holderrelative thereto.

31. In a typewriting machine including a moving carriage and a primaryribbon, an auxiliary carrier comprising-a holder loosely resting upon acarriage element, said ca'rrier having a ribbon mounted to extendcontiguous to the platen and along the writing line of the machine, saidholder having stop means adapted for coaction with part of said carriageto limitthe movement of said holder relative to the carriage in an upand down direction whereby wear of the ribbon is correspondinglydistributed.

32. In a typewriting machine including a moving carriage and a primaryribbon, an auxiliary carrier comprising a holder loosely resting upon acarriage element, said carrier having a ribbon mounted to extendcontiguous to the platen and along the writing line .of the machine.said holder having stop means adapted for c'oaction with part of thetypewriter carriage to limit the longitudinal movement of said holderrelative thereto, said holder having additional stop means adapted-forcoaction with a part of said carriage to limit the movement of saidholder relative to the carriage in an up and down direction.

33. In a typewriting machine, a moving carriage, mounting means carriedupon said carriage, a plurality of independent nesting ribbon holdershaving means for releasable coaction with said mounting means, eachribbon holder including a pair of ribbon carrying arms, each of saidholders having a typewriter ribbon between said arms, said ribbons inmounted position of said holders being contiguous to the platen andalong the writing line of the machine.

84. In a typewriting machine, a moving carriage, and a plurality ofindependent ribbon holders, each ribbon holder including a pair ofribbon carrying arms, removably resting upon a carriage element and injuxtaposed relation, each of said holders having a ribbon between thearms thereof mounted to extend contiguous to the platen and along thewriting line of the machine.

In a. typewriting machine including a carriage and a platen, a holder,said holder comprising a frame loosely resting upon a carriage element,having lateral arms carrying an auxiliary ribbon, said holder during usehaving a limited range of alternative positions longitudinally of anelement of the carriage.

36. In a typewriting machine, removableribbon means comprising a framehaving a ribbon longitudinally thereof. said frame being constructed andarranged to be substantially self-locating with respect to thetypewriter carriage structure upon emplacement of said frame and one ormore secondary frames, each having a ribbon extending longitudinallythereof, said secondary frames each having parts co-ordinated with partsof said first frame for operative positioning of said secondary frames.

37. As-an article of manufacture, an auxiliary ribbon holder fortypewriting machines.

.pocket for the ribbon carrying arm.

39. As an article of manufacture,'an auxir iary ribbon holder fortypewriter machines comprising a body portion and lateral arms carryinga length of ribbon between them,

said holder having positioning eleme nts' adapted for releasablecoaction with the clamping means that serves to hold the paper againstthe platen of a typewriting machine, to be maintained by said clampingmeans with the ribbon along the typing lineof the platen.

40. As an article of manufacture, an auxiliary ribbon holder for atvpewriting machine, said holder comprising a generally U-shaped frameincluding a longitudinal bar adapted to the length of the typewriterplaten, said frame being constructed and arranged to be substantiallyself-locating with respect to the typewriter carriage structure withinpredetermined limits of longitudinal movement, said holder havingretaining elements adapted for releasable coaction with the paperclamping means of a typewriting machine, to

be restrained against rotary displacement by A the latter due to thefrictional drag of the paper enthe platen in the retetien of the 1,seme, whereby in use the typing impact will be distributed ever a rangeof aflxihary rib- 41,- As an article pf manufactfire; a" length oftypewriter ribbonin the'erder of that pf a typewriter platen; saidribbon having a metal clip .seeiired to the extremity thereef;

said clip having a fingertab at theoutr end' thereof and bein conformedbetween said tab and said ribbon attaching portion for- I quickdetachable (reaction with a ribbon mounting arm, said clip includingstop means I tionwith such arm.

adjacent the edge thereof for latching coac- Signed'at NewYork city inthe county of New York and State of New York this 7th dayof November, A.13.1930.

' JULIUSC.-HOGHMAN.

